Trustee at the Brazilian Center for International Relations (CEBRI). Founding partner and Director of the Institute for Economic Policy Studies/Casa das Garças.

He is a Member of the Brazilian Academies of Sciences and Letters. In 1993/94, he was a member of the economic team of the federal government responsible for the Real Plan.

He was also President of IBGE (1985-1986), BNDES (1995) and Anbid (2000-2003) - now Anbima. Between 1996 and 2010, he was Senior Consultant at Banco Itaú BBA. He was Professor of Economics at PUC-Rio and other Brazilian and American universities.

He has published several books and articles on the Brazilian and Latin American economies and on international economy. He holds a bachelor's degree in Economics from UFMG and a Ph.D. in Economics from Yale University, USA.